FINGERPRINT IS AN ART OR A SCIENCE
“It has long been an axiom of mine that the little things are infinitely the most important. ”
-Arthur Conan Doyle
Fingerprint! As we are already known that it is occupying only a small portion of the human body. In fact, we can also say that it’s part of our palm, toe, and shoe. But it plays a very important role nowadays. We touch things every day: a coffee mug, a door and etc. Each time we do, it is likely that we leave behind our unique signature- in our fingerprint form.
The uniqueness of fingerprints is absolutely amazing. No two people have exactly the same fingerprints. Even identical twins, with identical DNA, have a different fingerprints. This uniqueness allows fingerprints to be used in all sorts of ways, including for background checks, biometric security mass disaster identification, and of course in a criminal situations. The uniqueness of friction ridge skin is seen as one of the key premises of fingerprint practice. The biological uniqueness applies to the finger not the print left behind, and by asserting that a print is as unique as the skin which made it, the profession has ignored investigation into how similar two prints from different people can be.
Now, one question arises that ‘is the fingerprint is considered in an art or science?’ If we see it from a different perspective we can say that it includes both arts and science.
Let’s look at about from art’s perspective. The fingerprint is an art! Art of our body. There are containing specific patterns. Looking at the pattern, it is possible to imagine the arch pattern being formed by ridges flowing over a flat area of skin; the whorl pattern resulting from ridges flowing around a raised area of skin; and a loop pattern being the result of a raised area on the right or left side which the ridge flow curves away from. How alluring this is!
Again questions arise if all the patterns designs and uniqueness consider in the arts then where is the science?
So let’s dive into the science. Do you know ‘how these patterns are formed?’, ‘what is responsible for this uniqueness?’ it’s all about DNA. Which forms our body, body parts, and fingerprint as well. All of the features described fingerprint are biological features that develop before birth and are permanent. Persistence also referred to as permanence, is the principle that a person’s fingerprints remain essentially unchanged throughout their lifetime. As new skin cells form, they remain cemented in the existing friction ridge and furrow pattern. A fingerprint is an impression left behind by the skin found on the inner surface of the finger. The skin on this area is called friction ridge skin and is found on the palm of the hand, as well as on the toes and soles of the feet. It’s main evolutionary use for gripping which is why it is only found in this area;
The fingerprint is mainly used in forensic science. Apart from this, it is also used in AADHAAR apparently helps the authorities to reunite lost family members.
The major role of the fingerprint is used in forensic science. This allowed the police to connect a suspect with a crime scene or an object recovered. Fingerprint identification quickly becomes the ’best evidence’, with the police and courts alike accepting its strength. The fingerprint from a crime scene is commonly known as a ‘mark’ and a fingerprint from a fingerprint form, known as a ‘print’.
Fingerprinting is one form of biometrics, a science that uses people’s physical or biological characteristics to identify them. Along with the DNA, fingerprints can play an important role in identifying victims following natural or manmade disasters. Such as an earthquake or bombing. This is important not only for the police investing in the incident but also for the families concerned.
Limitations are also there. One of them is there must be a known print that can be compared to the collected print. Another limitation is that there is no scientific way to determine the time a latent print was deposited on a surface. It is also not possible to determine sex, age, or race from a latent print.
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